Urgent Call to Action Against Illegal Mining (Galamsey) to Protect Water Resources and Public Health

The Coalition of NGOs in Water and Sanitation (CONIWAS) expresses deep concern over the increasing devastation caused by illegal mining (Galamsey) in Ghana. This unchecked exploitation threatens water bodies, public health, and livelihoods, especially in vulnerable communities, undermining sustainable development efforts and endangering millions who rely on clean water and a healthy environment.

While small-scale mining contributes about 35% of Ghana’s gold production and employs around 1.5 million people, illegal mining has led to significant environmental degradation and water pollution due to poor governance and regulation. The Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL) reports that pollution from Galamsey has drastically increased water treatment costs, disproportionately affecting the poor and vulnerable.

Major rivers like the Pra, Ankobra, Birim, and Offin are heavily contaminated with toxic chemicals such as mercury and cyanide, posing long-term health risks including neurological disorders, kidney damage, and developmental issues in children. Pregnant women and young children are particularly at risk, with mercury exposure potentially causing birth defects and cognitive impairments. The contamination also contributes to waterborne diseases, skin ailments, and respiratory conditions.

CONIWAS calls on the Government of Ghana, civil society, traditional leaders, and stakeholders to take immediate action to stop illegal mining and mitigate its catastrophic effects. The demands include:

1. Strict Enforcement of Mining and Environmental Laws: Strengthen and enforce mining regulations to promote sustainable practices and curb illegal activities. Empower relevant agencies and law enforcement to dismantle illegal operations, arrest offenders, and confiscate equipment.
2. Increased Investment in Alternative Livelihoods: Provide sustainable employment opportunities in sectors like agriculture, agro-processing, and eco-tourism to reduce reliance on illegal mining.
3. Protection of Water Treatment Facilities: Safeguard water treatment facilities from illegal mining encroachment and support GWCL in maintaining potable water supply, with additional funds for upgrading treatment capacity.
4. Public Health Campaigns on Water Safety: Launch education campaigns to raise awareness about the dangers of using polluted water and provide safe water alternatives to affected communities.
5. Long-Term Environmental Protection and Reforestation: Implement a national reforestation plan to restore lands degraded by illegal mining, helping to restore the environment and create green jobs for affected communities.

CONIWAS acknowledges that the fight against Galamsey is a collective responsibility and calls on:

• Traditional Leaders: Act as custodians of the land, ensuring illegal mining is not permitted in their areas.
• Local Communities: Remain vigilant and report illegal mining activities to authorities.
• The Media: Continue to expose the dangers of Galamsey and hold those in power accountable for protecting Ghana’s natural resources.

CONIWAS remains committed to advocating for equitable access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services for all Ghanaians, particularly the poor and vulnerable. Illegal mining poses a direct threat to this mission by endangering the health, environment, and livelihoods of millions. The Coalition urges the government and all stakeholders to act swiftly to end Galamsey and protect Ghana’s water bodies for a healthier and more sustainable future.